nahapõõrid

Nahapõõrid, also known as furfural, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C5H4O2. It is a colorless to yellowish oily liquid that darkens on exposure to air and light. Nahapõõrid is derived from the dehydration of pentose sugars, which are found in abundant lignocellulosic materials such as oat hulls, corn cobs, and sawdust. Its production typically involves acid hydrolysis of these agricultural residues.

Historically, nahapõõrid was discovered in 1821 by German chemist Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, who produced it by distilling sugar of lead with sulfuric acid. Its industrial significance grew in the early 20th century as a solvent and a precursor for various chemical compounds. Nahapõõrid is known for its distinctive almond-like odor.

The primary uses of nahapõõrid include its role as a selective solvent in petroleum refining to extract saturated compounds from lubricating oils. It is also a key intermediate in the production of furfuryl alcohol, which is used to make foundry resins, fiberglass, and corrosion-resistant cements. Furthermore, nahapõõrid can be converted into other valuable chemicals like tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and furan, finding applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and flavors. Due to its renewable source, nahapõõrid is considered a biorenewable chemical, contributing to a more sustainable chemical industry.