nPropyyliryhmä

The n-propyl group, often written as n-propyl or sometimes simply propyl when its linear nature is understood, is a functional group in organic chemistry. It consists of a three-carbon aliphatic chain where the attachment to the rest of the molecule occurs at the first carbon atom. Its chemical formula is −CH2CH2CH3. This distinguishes it from its isomer, the isopropyl group, which attaches at the middle carbon atom.

The n-propyl group is derived from the alkane propane by removing one hydrogen atom from either of the terminal carbon atoms. When it is a substituent on another molecule, it forms part of a larger organic structure. For example, in n-propanol, the n-propyl group is attached to a hydroxyl group. Similarly, in n-propylamine, it is bonded to an amino group. The presence of the n-propyl group can influence the physical and chemical properties of a molecule, such as its boiling point, solubility, and reactivity. It is a relatively nonpolar group, contributing to hydrophobicity in molecules where it is present.