mój

Môj is the first-person singular possessive determiner in the Slovak language, meaning “my.” It accompanies a noun and agrees with it in gender, number, and case, just like other adjectives. In Slovak, possessive adjectives such as môj form part of the same inflection system as ordinary adjectives.

Usage and forms: The basic nominative forms are môj for masculine singular, moja for feminine singular, and moje for neuter singular. The word then changes across all cases and numbers to match the noun it modifies. Examples: môj dom (my house, masculine noun), moja kniha (my book, feminine noun), moje auto (my car, neuter noun). In predicative position, following the verb “to be,” the form also agrees with the gender of the subject: to je môj (this is mine, masculine), to je moja (this is mine, feminine), to je moje (this is mine, neuter).

Reflexive possessive: Slovak also uses so-called svoj to express possession that belongs to the subject of the clause, i.e., “one’s own.” It inflects like other possessives and is used to avoid ambiguity when the possessor is the subject. Example: On si postavil svoj dom (He built his own house).

Etymology and cognates: Môj is cognate with Czech můj, Polish mój, and other Slavic equivalents, all tracing back to Proto-Slavic roots. In Slovak, it forms part of the broader family of personal possessives, including tvoj (your), jeho (his), jej (her), náš (our), váš (your), and ich (their).

See also: Slovak grammar, possessive adjectives, svoji/soj reflexive usage.