mután

Mután is a genus of bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacillota. These Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria are commonly found in the human oral cavity. Mutans streptococci, which include species like *Streptococcus mutans* and *Streptococcus sobrinus*, are well-known for their significant role in the development of dental caries, or tooth decay. They achieve this by metabolizing dietary sugars, particularly sucrose, and producing lactic acid as a byproduct. This acid demineralizes tooth enamel, leading to cavities. Additionally, these bacteria can synthesize extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose, which helps them adhere to tooth surfaces and form dental plaque.

The cariogenic potential of Mutans streptococci is linked to several virulence factors. Their ability to form biofilms is crucial for their persistence in the oral environment. They also possess enzymes that aid in their attachment and survival on the tooth surface. While Mutans streptococci are primary causative agents of dental caries, other bacteria can contribute to the disease process. Maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, and limiting sugar intake are essential for controlling the proliferation of these bacteria and preventing tooth decay. Research continues to explore strategies for managing and preventing infections caused by Mutans streptococci.