munanjohtimet

Munanjohtimet, also known as fallopian tubes or oviducts, are a crucial part of the female reproductive system. These are two narrow, muscular tubes that extend from the upper part of the uterus towards the ovaries. Each fallopian tube is approximately 10 to 13 centimeters long and about 0.5 to 1.2 centimeters in diameter. They are not directly attached to the ovaries but end in finger-like projections called fimbriae, which are located near the ovaries.

The primary function of the fallopian tubes is to transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus. During ovulation, an egg is released from the ovary and is swept into the fallopian tube by the fimbriae. The inner lining of the fallopian tube is covered with cilia, which are tiny hair-like structures, and smooth muscle. These cilia beat rhythmically, creating a current that helps to move the egg towards the uterus.

Fertilization typically occurs within the fallopian tube. If sexual intercourse takes place during the fertile window, sperm travel up from the vagina, through the cervix and uterus, and into the fallopian tubes. If sperm are present when the egg arrives, fertilization can happen. The fertilized egg, now called a zygote, then continues its journey down the fallopian tube to the uterus, where it implants in the uterine lining to develop into a fetus. If fertilization does not occur, the egg degenerates and is absorbed by the body, or is expelled with the menstrual period.

Blockages or damage to the fallopian tubes can lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy, a condition where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube itself. Conditions affecting the fallopian tubes can include infections like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), endometriosis, and adhesions.