mofetiil

Mofetiil is commonly a misspelling or variant of mofetil as found in the name mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an immunosuppressive prodrug used in medicine. MMF is converted in the body to its active form, mycophenolic acid (MPA), which exerts the primary pharmacologic effect.

Mechanism of action and use

MPA inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, an enzyme essential for de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis. Because lymphocytes rely heavily on this pathway for proliferation, MPA preferentially reduces the activity of T and B lymphocytes. MMF is principally used to prevent organ transplant rejection, typically in combination with a calcineurin inhibitor (such as tacrolimus or cyclosporine) and corticosteroids. It is also used off-label for certain autoimmune diseases, including lupus nephritis, under specialist supervision.

Administration and pharmacokinetics

MMF is available in oral tablet and suspension forms and also as an intravenous preparation. After administration, MMF is rapidly hydrolyzed to MPA. MPA is highly protein-bound and undergoes hepatic glucuronidation, with renal and biliary excretion of metabolites. Dosing is individualized according to indication, concomitant immunosuppressants, and patient factors; dosing regimens vary and require careful monitoring.

Adverse effects and safety considerations

Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), leukopenia or neutropenia, anemia, and increased susceptibility to infections. Long-term use carries a risk of malignancies and teratogenic effects; it is contraindicated in pregnancy. Interactions with calcineurin inhibitors can alter MPA exposure; absorption may be affected by certain antacids and proton pump inhibitors. Patients receiving MMF require regular monitoring of blood counts, liver function, and infection signs.

See also: mycophenolate mofetil, organ transplant immunosuppression.