mluvním

Mluvním is a Czech adjective form derived from the verb mluvit (to speak). It carries the meaning of "verbal" or "spoken" and is used to describe aspects related to speech, often in linguistic, rhetorical, or historical contexts rather than in everyday conversation. The term tends to occur in more formal or technical language.

Grammatically, mluvní is declined as a standard Czech adjective ending in -ní. The form mluvním is the instrumental singular (primarily with masculine nouns) or a form used in contexts requiring the instrumental case, such as when saying “by verbal expression” or “with a verbal expression.” For example, one can encounter phrases like mluvním projevem, meaning “by verbal expression” or “through a verbal expression.” In ordinary speech, Czech speakers more commonly use alternatives such as mluvený (spoken) or the noun mluvnost (fluency, eloquence). The adjective mluvní therefore remains mainly in formal, academic, or historical texts.

Related terms include mluvený (participial adjective meaning “spoken”) and mluvnost (noun meaning fluency or eloquence). The root is mluvit, and the suffix -ní yields the semantic field of verbal or spoken qualities. Mluvní is not a frequently used everyday descriptor but appears in dictionaries, grammars, and discussions of speech as a linguistic phenomenon.