mixotrófia

Mixotrophy is a mode of nutrition characterized by the ability of an organism to obtain energy and carbon from more than one source. Organisms that exhibit mixotrophy can utilize both autotrophic and heterotrophic methods of feeding. Autotrophic nutrition involves the synthesis of organic compounds from inorganic sources, typically through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Heterotrophic nutrition involves the consumption of pre-existing organic matter, obtained by ingesting or absorbing nutrients from other organisms or dead organic material.

Mixotrophic organisms often combine these strategies depending on environmental conditions. For example, some algae can photosynthesize when light is available but will also absorb dissolved organic nutrients or ingest small prey when light is limited or nutrient concentrations are high. This dual capability allows them to thrive in a wider range of ecological niches and adapt to fluctuating resource availability.

Examples of mixotrophic organisms include various types of protists, such as euglenoids and dinoflagellates, as well as some bacteria and fungi. In marine and freshwater ecosystems, mixotrophic plankton play a significant role in nutrient cycling and food web dynamics. Their ability to switch between energy acquisition strategies can influence the productivity and structure of microbial communities. The study of mixotrophy is important for understanding ecological interactions, biogeochemical cycles, and the evolutionary adaptations of life.