mitotischer

Mitotischer is a German term meaning mitotic, used as an adjective to describe processes, structures, or cells related to mitosis. In biology, mitosis refers to the division of a eukaryotic cell's nucleus, ensuring equal distribution of genetic material into two daughter nuclei, typically followed by cytokinesis.

The mitotic process comprises several stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase, with cytokinesis separating the cytoplasm. Key features include chromosome condensation, spindle formation, and the attachment of sister chromatids to the spindle via kinetochores, followed by their orderly separation during anaphase and reformation of the nucleus at telophase.

Mitotic activity is tightly regulated by cell-cycle checkpoints and cyclin-dependent kinases to prevent chromosome mis-segregation. In histology and pathology, mitotic figures are counted to assess proliferation, expressed as the mitotic index in tissue samples. The term mitotischer appears in German-language texts as an attribute of such processes.

Mitotic division is distinct from meiosis in producing two genetically identical diploid daughter cells, whereas meiosis yields four genetically diverse haploid cells with reduced chromosome number and recombination.