miljökvalitet

Miljökvalitet, or environmental quality, is a term used to describe the overall state of the environment and its capacity to support ecosystems, human health, and livelihoods. It encompasses air, water, soil, biodiversity, noise, and chemical quality, and is used both descriptively (the current state) and normatively (the desired state to be achieved through policy).

In Sweden, the term underpins the system of environmental quality standards (miljökvalitetsnormer, MKN). These legally binding targets set the required environmental condition for specific elements such as lakes, rivers, coastal waters, and air, and guide regulatory measures. The work is led by government authorities, notably the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (Naturvårdsverket) and other public agencies, with input from regional and local authorities. The targets align with national environmental goals and, where applicable, European Union requirements (such as the Water Framework Directive).

Assessment and monitoring: Environmental quality is monitored via indicators and data from national and regional monitoring networks. Regular reporting evaluates progress toward targets, informs policy adjustments, and supports environmental impact assessments and planning processes.

Use and scope: The concept supports planning, policy, and research across sectors including industry, transport, energy, and land use. While it provides a framework for action, achieving desired miljökvalitet can be influenced by scientific uncertainty, climate change, and cross-border effects; cooperation and adaptive management are often emphasized.