mikrometeorológia

Mikrometeorológia is the study of atmospheric phenomena on a very small scale, typically ranging from a few centimeters to a few kilometers. This field focuses on the detailed processes occurring within the boundary layer of the atmosphere, the region directly influenced by the Earth's surface. Unlike synoptic meteorology, which deals with large-scale weather systems, mikrometeorológia examines the rapid fluctuations and variations in variables such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and radiation. Key areas of interest include turbulence, heat and moisture transfer between the surface and the atmosphere, and the formation of fog and frost.

The discipline relies heavily on specialized instrumentation for measurements at high temporal and spatial resolutions. Instruments like sonic anemometers, infrared thermometers, and eddy covariance systems are commonly employed. Mikrometeorológia plays a crucial role in understanding and predicting phenomena like local air pollution dispersion, agricultural conditions, and the microclimate of urban environments. It contributes to fields such as environmental science, engineering, and even sports, where precise atmospheric conditions can have significant impacts. The interactions between surface characteristics, such as vegetation, soil type, and artificial structures, and the overlying atmosphere are central to mikrometeorológia research.