mikromeeterid

Micrometers, or mikromeeterid in some languages, are units of length in the metric system equal to one millionth of a meter. The symbol for the unit is μm. In numeric terms, 1 μm = 10^-6 m, 1 m = 1,000,000 μm, and 1 μm equals 1,000 nanometers. They are used to express very small distances in science, engineering, and manufacturing, including measurements of film thickness, particle sizes, and wavelengths in the near-infrared range.

A micrometer screw gauge, commonly called a micrometer, is a precise measuring instrument for external dimensions. It typically covers about 1 to 25 millimeters, with a resolution of 0.01 mm (10 μm) in basic models and 0.001 mm (1 μm) or better in higher-precision versions. Digital micrometers provide direct readings in μm. Accuracy depends on calibration, temperature, and correct use of the anvil, spindle, and thimble.

In manufacturing and metrology, micrometers supplement calipers and other instruments for quality control. In biology and materials science, dimensions such as cell diameters, fiber thickness, and thin films are commonly reported in micrometers.

Because the micro- prefix denotes a factor of one millionth, micrometers are part of the SI length scale. Users should maintain consistent units and take care when converting to millimeters or nanometers, as unit choices affect precision and readability.