mikrohálózats

A mikrohálózat, often referred to as a microgrid, is a localized energy network that can disconnect from the traditional grid and operate autonomously. It typically comprises distributed energy resources such as generators, energy storage systems, and loads. Microgrids are designed to enhance grid reliability, resilience, and efficiency. They can operate in grid-connected mode, supplementing the main grid, or in island mode, providing power independently during outages.

The concept of microgrids gained prominence as a response to increasing concerns about grid vulnerability, the need to integrate renewable energy sources, and the desire for greater energy independence. They are particularly beneficial in remote areas, critical facilities like hospitals and military bases, and industrial complexes where uninterrupted power is essential. The control systems within a microgrid manage the flow of electricity, ensuring stability and optimizing the use of available resources.

Key components of a microgrid include distributed generators (like solar panels, wind turbines, or diesel generators), energy storage systems (batteries are common), and intelligent control systems that act as the "brain" of the microgrid. This control system monitors energy generation and demand, making real-time decisions to balance the system, often utilizing advanced algorithms. The ability to switch seamlessly between grid-connected and island modes is a defining characteristic. Microgrids offer a flexible and adaptable approach to energy distribution, contributing to a more robust and sustainable energy future.