middenspanningsnet

Middenspanningsnet, often abbreviated MV-net, is the portion of an electric power distribution network that operates at medium voltage. It typically covers voltages from about 1 kV up to 35 kV and serves to transport electricity from substations fed by the high-voltage transmission grid to the low-voltage networks that deliver power to homes and businesses. The MV-net forms the regional backbone of the distribution system, connecting generation sources, feed-in points, and distribution substations.

The network consists of a mix of overhead lines and underground cables, substations, transformers, switchgear and protection equipment. At substations, MV is stepped down through transformers to low voltage levels (for example 0.4 kV or 230/400 V) used by consumer networks. Protection and control systems, such as relays and circuit breakers, enable isolation of faults and safe operation, often coordinated via SCADA or similar remote-control systems.

Operators of MV networks are usually distribution system operators. They plan, build and maintain the network, respond to outages, and coordinate with the high-voltage transmission grid and the local low-voltage networks. The MV-net must accommodate fluctuations in demand and the growing share of distributed generation, requiring active voltage management and possible network reinforcements.

Key challenges include aging infrastructure, capacity limitations in dense urban areas, the integration of decentralised generation, and the need for reliability, resilience, and cybersecurity. Proper planning and asset management strategies are essential to ensure a safe, reliable supply of electricity at medium voltage.