microelektrodes

Microelectrodes are extremely small conductive probes used in various scientific and technological applications. Their size is typically in the micrometer range, making them ideal for measurements and manipulations at the cellular or even subcellular level. The fabrication of microelectrodes often involves photolithography or microfabrication techniques, allowing for precise control over their dimensions and shape.

These electrodes find widespread use in electrochemistry, particularly for studying reaction kinetics and mechanisms in confined volumes. In neuroscience, microelectrodes are crucial for recording electrical activity from individual neurons or small neuronal populations, enabling researchers to understand brain function. They are also employed in biosensors for detecting specific molecules in biological samples, such as glucose or neurotransmitters. Furthermore, microelectrodes play a role in microfluidic devices for manipulating and analyzing tiny volumes of fluids. Their small size offers advantages like reduced sample consumption, high spatial resolution, and minimized perturbation of the measured environment.