mesolittoral

The mesolittoral, also known as the intertidal zone or littoral fringe, is a region of the sea coast that is exposed to the air at low tide and submerged under seawater at high tide. It represents the area between the supralittoral zone, which is only occasionally splashed by waves, and the eulittoral zone, which is permanently submerged but still influenced by tidal forces. The mesolittoral zone is characterized by fluctuating environmental conditions, including changes in temperature, salinity, and moisture. Organisms living in this zone must be adapted to survive these periodic periods of aerial exposure and submersion. Common inhabitants include various algae, barnacles, mussels, limpets, and small crustaceans. These organisms often exhibit adaptations such as strong shells or adhesive secretions to prevent desiccation and dislodgement by wave action. The biodiversity of the mesolittoral zone can vary significantly depending on factors like wave exposure, substrate type, and geographical location. It is a dynamic environment that plays a crucial role in coastal ecosystems, serving as a habitat and feeding ground for many marine and terrestrial species.