mellékvesedesktrukció

Mellékvesedesztrukció refers to the destruction or severe damage of the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are small, triangular organs located on top of each kidney. They produce essential hormones that regulate a variety of bodily functions, including metabolism, immune response, and stress response.

Destruction of the adrenal glands can occur due to several causes. Autoimmune diseases, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys adrenal tissue, are a common culprit. Infections, such as tuberculosis or fungal infections, can also lead to adrenal damage. Hemorrhage, or bleeding into the adrenal glands, particularly in cases of severe trauma or certain medical conditions like sepsis, can cause rapid destruction. Metastatic cancer, where cancer cells spread from other parts of the body to the adrenal glands, can also impair their function. Furthermore, certain genetic disorders can predispose individuals to adrenal insufficiency.

The consequences of significant adrenal gland destruction are serious, as it leads to adrenal insufficiency, also known as Addison's disease when it's primary adrenal insufficiency. This condition means the adrenal glands cannot produce enough hormones, particularly cortisol and aldosterone. Symptoms can include fatigue, muscle weakness, weight loss, low blood pressure, and skin hyperpigmentation. In severe cases, adrenal crisis can occur, a life-threatening condition characterized by severe abdominal pain, vomiting, dehydration, and low blood pressure. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure hormone levels and imaging studies of the adrenal glands. Treatment involves hormone replacement therapy to supplement the deficient hormones.