mastiit

Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, most commonly occurring in lactating mammals, including humans and cows. It is a frequent condition that can affect milk production and the health of the affected individual. The inflammation is often caused by an infection, typically bacterial, that enters the mammary tissue through the nipple or a crack in the skin. Common bacterial culprits include Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. However, mastitis can also arise from non-infectious causes such as trauma or milk stasis, where milk is not effectively removed from the gland.

Symptoms of mastitis can vary in severity. In humans, common signs include breast pain, tenderness, redness, swelling, and a warm sensation in the affected area. A fever and flu-like symptoms may also be present. In dairy cows, symptoms include changes in milk appearance (e.g., clumping, watery) and a swollen, painful udder. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications such as abscess formation or chronic inflammation. Treatment typically involves antibiotics for bacterial infections, pain relief, and ensuring proper milk removal. For breastfeeding mothers, continuing to empty the breast is crucial, even if painful. In severe cases, hospitalization or surgical intervention may be required. Prevention strategies include good hygiene practices, proper infant latch or milking techniques, and prompt attention to any signs of irritation or infection.