mamiféra

Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals characterized by the presence of mammary glands, which in females produce milk for nourishing their offspring. This class includes over 6,000 living species, ranging from tiny shrews and bats to large whales and elephants. Mammals are endothermic, meaning they generate their own body heat, and are distinguished by their hair or fur, which helps regulate body temperature. They also possess a neocortex, a region of the brain associated with higher cognitive functions.

Mammals are further divided into two main groups: monotremes and therians. Monotremes, such as platypuses and echidnas, lay eggs and have a venomous spur on their hind legs. Therians, which include marsupials and placentals, give birth to live young. Marsupials, like kangaroos and koalas, have a pouch for carrying their young. Placentals, the largest group of mammals, have a placenta that nourishes the developing embryo.

Mammals exhibit a wide range of adaptations, from the flight of bats to the swimming of whales. They play crucial roles in various ecosystems, serving as predators, prey, and seed dispersers. Despite their diversity, all mammals share several key characteristics that set them apart from other vertebrates.