malowanymi

Malowanymi is the instrumental plural form of the Polish adjective malowany, meaning painted. It is used to describe objects that are painted and to agree with masculine personal nouns in the instrumental case, often appearing with a following noun such as obrazami (pictures) or rzeźbami (sculptures).

Etymology and form. The word derives from the verb malować (to paint) and the participial suffix -any/-owany, producing the past-participle adjective malowany. In Polish, adjectives decline to reflect number, gender, and case; the instrumental plural ending for masculine personal nouns is typically -ymi, resulting in malowanymi.

Grammatical usage. Malowanymi is used when the modified noun is masculine personal plural in the instrumental case. Common constructions include noun phrases where the noun is explicitly present, for example with obrazami or rzeźbami. It can also appear after prepositions that require the instrumental case, such as z or bez, depending on sentence structure. Example: Pokój ozdobiono malowanymi obrazami. This translates to “The room was decorated with painted pictures.”

Context and nuance. The form signals that the painted objects are part of a set or group being described or manipulated in a manner requiring the instrumental case. It is primarily found in descriptive writing about art, interiors, décor, or exhibitions, where the emphasis is on the painted nature of the objects rather than on the objects themselves as a bare category.

Related forms. Malowany is the base form (masculine singular nominative). Other forms include malowana (feminine singular), malowane (neuter singular or feminine plural nominative), malowani (masculine personal plural nominative), and the corresponding instrumental, genitive, and other cases for different genders and numbers.