maapähkle

Maapähkle, scientifically known as Arachis hypogaea, are legumes that grow underground. Despite their common name, they are not true nuts but rather related to beans and peas. The plant produces yellow flowers that self-pollinate, and after pollination, a stalk elongates and bends downwards, pushing the developing ovary into the soil where it matures into the pod containing the seeds.

Maapähkle originated in South America, with evidence suggesting cultivation as far back as 7,500 years ago. They were spread globally by explorers and traders. Today, major producers include China, India, the United States, and Argentina.

The seeds are a rich source of protein, healthy fats, and various vitamins and minerals, including biotin, niacin, folate, vitamin E, magnesium, and manganese. They are consumed in numerous ways: roasted and salted, as peanut butter, in confectionery, and as an ingredient in savory dishes worldwide. Peanut oil, extracted from the seeds, is also widely used for cooking and in industrial applications.

Allergies to peanuts are common and can be severe, necessitating careful labeling and avoidance for affected individuals. The cultivation of maapähkle requires specific soil conditions and climate, and the crop is susceptible to certain pests and diseases. Despite these challenges, maapähkle remain an important agricultural commodity and a widely consumed food item.