lämpönoise
Lämpönoise, also known as Johnson-Nyquist noise, is a fundamental electronic noise phenomenon present in all electrical conductors at temperatures above absolute zero. It arises from the random thermal motion of charge carriers, primarily electrons, within the conductor. These electrons are in constant random agitation due to their thermal energy. As they move randomly, they create fluctuating currents, which in turn produce a fluctuating voltage across the conductor.
The intensity of thermal noise is directly proportional to the temperature of the conductor and its resistance.
Thermal noise is an unavoidable aspect of electronic systems and can limit the sensitivity of measuring instruments