látótérzavar

Látótérzavar, also known as visual field defect or visual field loss, refers to an absence or reduction of vision in a specific area of the visual field. The visual field encompasses everything that can be seen at a given moment without moving the eyes. Defects can manifest as blind spots, shadowy areas, or a general narrowing of peripheral vision.

Causes of látótérzavar are diverse and often linked to underlying ocular or neurological conditions. Ocular causes include glaucoma, which damages the optic nerve, leading to progressive peripheral vision loss; retinal detachment, where the retina separates from the back of the eye; and macular degeneration, affecting central vision. Neurological causes can stem from damage to the optic nerve, optic chiasm (where optic nerves cross), optic tracts, or the visual cortex in the brain. This damage can be due to strokes, brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, or traumatic brain injury.

Symptoms vary depending on the location and severity of the defect. Individuals might notice difficulty seeing objects in their peripheral vision, bumping into things, or having trouble navigating. Central vision loss can impair reading and recognizing faces. Diagnosis typically involves a visual field test, also known as perimetry, which maps out the visual field and identifies any areas of reduced sensitivity or absence of vision. Treatment and management depend entirely on the underlying cause and aim to preserve remaining vision and address the root condition.