luvut

Luvut is the Finnish word for numbers. In Finnish, the noun luku means a number or a digit, and luvut is its plural form. In mathematics, numbers are abstract objects used to count, measure, order, and perform calculations. They can be written with numerals, words, or symbols, and their representations may vary by cultural convention. The term is commonly used in everyday language to refer to quantities, dates, and identifiers as well as to mathematical objects.

Numbers come in several broad classes. Natural numbers are the counting numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, ...; integers include positive and negative whole numbers and zero; rational numbers can be expressed as a ratio of integers; irrational numbers cannot be written as a simple fraction (for example pi, sqrt(2)); real numbers comprise all rational and irrational numbers; complex numbers extend this to include multiples of the imaginary unit i. Floating-point and other representations are used in computation.

Historically, numbers were developed in many cultures; the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, with a zero and a decimal place-value notation, became dominant in mathematics and commerce. In Finland, as in most countries, the decimal system is used, and standard punctuation varies: decimal separators are typically a comma in handwriting and in many contexts, a period in others.

In modern mathematics, numbers underpin theories from arithmetic to analysis and number theory. Foundational work includes axiomatizations of number systems and set-theoretic constructions that model numbers from basic counting to complex structures.