luuydinsiirto

Luuydinsiirto, also known as bone marrow transplantation, is a medical procedure that involves transplanting healthy bone marrow cells into a patient. Bone marrow is a spongy tissue found inside bones that produces blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. In certain diseases, the bone marrow may not function properly, leading to a deficiency in these essential blood cells.

The process typically begins with harvesting healthy bone marrow cells from a donor. This donor can be a close relative, an unrelated individual, or even the patient themselves (autologous transplant). Before the transplant, the patient undergoes conditioning therapy, usually chemotherapy and/or radiation, to eliminate their diseased bone marrow and suppress their immune system. This preparation is crucial to prevent rejection of the transplanted cells.

Once the conditioning is complete, the donor bone marrow cells are infused into the patient's bloodstream, similar to a blood transfusion. These cells then travel to the bone marrow cavities and begin to engraft, or settle, and start producing healthy blood cells. The recovery period can be lengthy and requires close medical monitoring, as the patient's immune system is severely compromised during this time, making them susceptible to infections.

Luuydinsiirto is primarily used to treat various hematological disorders, such as leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia, and certain inherited immune deficiencies. It can also be used for some solid tumors. The success of a bone marrow transplant depends on several factors, including the type of disease, the donor match, and the patient's overall health. While it is a complex and potentially risky procedure, it offers a life-saving treatment option for many patients with otherwise untreatable conditions.