lungnaskurðarpróf

Lungnaskurðarpróf, also known as a lung biopsy, is a medical procedure performed to obtain a sample of lung tissue for examination. This sample is typically analyzed by a pathologist to diagnose various lung conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. The procedure can be performed in several ways, depending on the location and suspected nature of the abnormality in the lung.

One common method is a bronchoscopic lung biopsy. In this minimally invasive technique, a flexible tube called a bronchoscope is inserted into the airways through the nose or mouth. The bronchoscope has a camera and specialized instruments that allow the physician to visualize the airways and take tissue samples from suspicious areas.

Another method is a needle biopsy, which can be performed percutaneously (through the skin) or during surgery. A needle is guided through the chest wall to reach the lung tissue. This approach is often used for lesions located further from the airways.

In some cases, a surgical lung biopsy may be necessary. This involves a more invasive surgical procedure, either through a small incision (VATS - Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery) or a larger thoracotomy, to directly access and remove a larger piece of lung tissue. This is usually reserved for situations where less invasive methods are insufficient or if a larger sample is needed for a definitive diagnosis.

The decision on which type of lung biopsy to perform is based on factors such as the patient's overall health, the location and size of the lung abnormality, and the suspected diagnosis. After the procedure, the tissue sample is sent to a laboratory for microscopic examination, which aids in establishing an accurate diagnosis and guiding treatment decisions.