lourillisia

Lourilliisia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family *Rubiaceae*, commonly known as the coffee family. The genus is monotypic, meaning it contains only one species, *Lourilliisia madagascariensis*, which is native to Madagascar. This plant is notable for its distinctive morphological characteristics and ecological niche within its habitat.

*Lourilliisia madagascariensis* is a small tree or shrub typically reaching heights of 2 to 5 meters. It possesses elliptical to oblong leaves arranged alternately along its branches, with a smooth and leathery texture. The flowers are small, white, and clustered in axillary inflorescences, while the fruit is a fleshy drupe containing a single seed. The plant is often found in the humid forests of eastern Madagascar, particularly in lowland and montane regions.

Taxonomically, *Lourilliisia* was first described by the French botanist Henri Ernest Baillon in the 19th century. The genus name honors the French botanist and explorer, Jean-Baptiste Louis Claude Lourtille, who contributed to the study of Madagascar’s flora. Molecular and morphological studies have confirmed its distinct placement within the Rubiaceae, though its exact phylogenetic relationships remain under investigation.

Ecologically, *Lourilliisia madagascariensis* plays a role in its forest ecosystem, providing habitat and food for various insects and birds. However, like many endemic species in Madagascar, it faces threats from habitat destruction due to deforestation, agriculture, and human settlement. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect its natural range, though population data remains limited.

The plant has not been widely studied for medicinal or economic uses, and its cultural significance among local communities is not well documented. Further research is needed to better understand its biology, distribution, and conservation status.