lokon

Lokon is a volcanic complex on the northern arm of Sulawesi island in North Sulawesi province, Indonesia. It forms part of the Lokon-Empung twin stratovolcano system situated near the city of Tomohon and about 20–30 kilometers southwest of Manado. The complex includes an older, semicollapsed cone (Empung) with a large crater and the younger, frequently active cone (Lokon) rising to roughly 1,580 meters above sea level.

Geology and eruptive behavior are characteristic of subduction-related volcanoes in the western Pacific. Lokon has produced frequent small to moderate explosive and phreatic eruptions, generating ash plumes, pyroclastic flows, and localized lahars. Its activity is monitored by Indonesian volcanological authorities, who issue alerts and coordinate evacuations when necessary. Eruptive episodes in the late 20th and early 21st centuries led to temporary evacuations and disruptions to air traffic and local agriculture.

The volcano sits within a densely populated region; settlements, plantations, and infrastructure lie on its lower slopes and in adjacent valleys. This proximity, together with its intermittent activity, makes it an important focus for hazard assessment and community preparedness. The surrounding landscape, which includes forested slopes and volcanic soils, supports agriculture and attracts visitors interested in hiking and volcanic scenery, though access is restricted during periods of heightened volcanic unrest.