ljudskim

Ljudskim is a grammatical form of the adjective ljudski, used in South Slavic languages such as Croatian, Bosnian, and Serbian. The root ljud- means “people” or “human,” and the suffix -ski creates adjectives meaning “of or pertaining to.” Ljudski thus conveys meanings related to humans, humanity, or human-centered qualities, and it appears in various compounds and phrases across formal and everyday language.

Ljudskim is the instrumental singular masculine form of the adjective (the form used when the modified noun is in the instrumental case). This form occurs in contexts such as phrases describing actions done by or with humans, or in technical terms where the human factor is involved. The base forms include ljudska (feminine) and ljudsko (neuter), with corresponding inflections for other cases and numbers.

In usage, ljudski is common in legal, political, philosophical, and social vocabulary. Notable collocations include ljudska prava (human rights) and ljudske potrebe (human needs). The phrase kršenje ljudskih prava is a standard expression meaning “a violation of human rights,” illustrating the genitive plural form ljudskih in practice.

Geographically, the term is standard in Croatian, Bosnian, and Serbian linguistically and legally. In Slovenian, a closely related concept is typically rendered as človeški, though ljudski may still appear in formal or technical contexts. Etymologically, ljudski and its forms share a common Slavic heritage, rooted in the word for people, and they appear in parallel forms across related languages.