litowofosforowe

Litowofosforowe, or lithium phosphates, are a class of chemical compounds that contain lithium ions together with phosphate groups. The term covers inorganic salts such as orthophosphates like Li3PO4, metaphosphates such as LiPO3, and polyphosphates including Li4P2O7. It also extends to natural lithium phosphate minerals that occur in geology.

In mineralogy, two principal lithium phosphate minerals are triphylite, LiFePO4, and lithiophilite, LiMnPO4. These minerals are typically found in pegmatitic rocks and are of interest as sources of lithium and as model systems for lithium iron phosphate battery materials. Synthetic lithium phosphates span a range of stoichiometries and structural types, from olivine-like LiFePO4 to amorphous Li3PO4 and polymeric phosphates such as Li4P2O7.

Properties of lithium phosphates vary with composition. Many are white, odorless solids with relatively low water solubility. LiFePO4, in particular, adopts an olivine structure and is notable for its stability and performance as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries, contributing to safer, thermally stable energy storage. Lithium phosphate glasses and ceramics, formed from phosphate networks, are used as solid-state electrolytes and in specialty glass applications because they can support lithium-ion transport.

Synthesis commonly involves combining lithium sources (such as LiOH or Li2CO3) with phosphoric acid or phosphate precursors, followed by appropriate heating and processing. Natural varieties generally require careful mineralogical and chemical characterization to assess purity and suitability for industrial use.

See also: lithium, phosphate, LiFePO4, phosphate glass, solid-state electrolyte.