likviditásról

Likviditás refers to the ease with which an asset can be converted into cash without affecting its market price. In financial terms, it signifies the ability of a company or an individual to meet their short-term obligations using their readily available assets. High liquidity means an asset can be quickly sold for its true value, while low liquidity implies difficulty in selling without a significant price reduction.

There are different levels of liquidity. Cash is the most liquid asset, followed by marketable securities like stocks and bonds that can be traded on exchanges. Less liquid assets include real estate, art, or specialized machinery. For businesses, liquidity is crucial for operational continuity, paying suppliers and employees, and managing unexpected expenses. A lack of liquidity can lead to financial distress, even if a company is profitable on paper.

Financial markets also have liquidity. A liquid market is characterized by a large number of buyers and sellers, high trading volumes, and tight bid-ask spreads. In such markets, transactions can be executed quickly and efficiently. Conversely, an illiquid market may experience significant price volatility and difficulty finding counterparties for trades. Regulators often monitor liquidity levels in financial institutions to ensure systemic stability. Understanding and managing liquidity is a fundamental aspect of personal finance, corporate finance, and macroeconomic policy.