lhématurie

Hématurie refers to the presence of red blood cells in the urine, a condition that can manifest in two main forms: gross hematuria, where the urine is visibly pink, red, or brownish, and microscopic hematuria, where red blood cells are only detectable through laboratory analysis. The appearance of blood in the urine can be alarming and is a symptom that warrants medical investigation.

Several factors can lead to hematuria. Common causes include urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney stones, and bladder infections. More serious conditions can also be responsible, such as kidney disease, bladder or kidney cancer, prostate problems in men, and certain blood clotting disorders. Trauma to the urinary tract can also result in blood in the urine.

Diagnosing the cause of hematuria typically involves a physical examination, a review of the patient's medical history, and laboratory tests. Urinalysis is crucial for confirming the presence of red blood cells and assessing for other indicators like infection. Further investigations may include urine cultures, blood tests, imaging studies such as ultrasounds or CT scans, and cystoscopy, a procedure where a thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the bladder.

Treatment for hematuria depends entirely on the underlying cause. If an infection is identified, antibiotics are prescribed. For kidney stones, treatment may involve medication, procedures to break up the stones, or surgical removal. In cases of cancer, treatment will depend on the type, stage, and location of the malignancy. Early detection and appropriate management of the underlying condition are vital to prevent complications and ensure the best possible outcome.