lekkemehhanismi

Lekkemehhanismi is the term used to describe the various physical processes that cause an unwanted release of fluids or gases from a containment system. Leaks can arise in any system involving pressurized or vacuum conditions, sealed joints, or permeable barriers. Common mechanisms include diffusion or permeation of gas or liquid through materials with finite permeability; mechanical leakage due to seal degradation, gasket or o-ring failure, or improper mating of joints; crack growth and fracture from fatigue, thermal cycling, or overpressure; corrosion or erosion that creates pathways for leakage; porosity or defects introduced during manufacturing; and weld or solder defects that compromise containment. In some systems, leaks occur gradually as a result of creeping or stress relaxation, while others are the result of sudden failures.

Leakage is typically quantified by a leak rate, the volume of fluid passing per unit time, and measured using tests such as helium mass spectrometry, pressure decay, or bubble tests. Leak behavior depends on fluid properties, temperature, pressure, and the integrity of seals and materials.

Prevention and mitigation focus on design choices (appropriate materials, compatible seals, proper surface finishes), manufacturing quality (inspection, defect control), and maintenance (regular leak testing, replacement of worn gaskets, pressure testing). Understanding the dominant leakage mechanism for a given system informs inspection intervals and safety considerations.