laéroport

An airport, or aéroport in French, is a facility that enables the takeoff, landing, and movement of aircraft for passengers and goods. It typically includes runways, taxiways, aprons, navigation aids, and air traffic control infrastructure, plus one or more passenger terminals, security areas, gates, baggage handling systems, and maintenance facilities.

Airports operate under national aviation authorities and international standards set by ICAO and IATA. They generate codes: each airport receives an IATA code (three letters) and an ICAO code (four letters) used for flight planning and air traffic services.

There are several types. International airports handle customs and immigration for travelers to and from other countries; national or regional airports mainly support domestic traffic; cargo airports focus on freight; some airports function as hubs, linking many routes.

The development of airports follows a history from early grass strips to purpose-built terminals and longer runways in the jet era. Modern airports emphasize safety, efficiency, and passenger experience, with processes for security screening, baggage handling, and arrivals and departures management.

Facilities and services include runways and taxiways, control towers, terminals with check-in, security screening, lounges, retail, car parks, and public transit access.

Environmental and community considerations include noise management, emissions reductions, and sustainable transport connections.

Airports are major economic assets, enabling tourism, trade, and employment, but they also require careful planning to manage noise, land use, and environmental footprint.