lateksien

Lateksien (Finnish for latexes) are polymer colloidal suspensions in water that can form elastic films when dried. They include natural latex from Hevea brasiliensis and synthetic latices produced by emulsion polymerization of monomers such as styrene and butadiene. The particles are stabilized by surfactants or protective colloids to prevent coagulation, enabling processing into gloves, coatings and adhesives.

Natural latex consists mainly of cis-1,4-polyisoprene with small amounts of proteins and water. It is tapped from rubber trees and processed into latex concentrates or finished products. It offers high elasticity and good barrier properties, but some people are allergic to residual latex proteins.

Synthetic latices are produced by emulsion polymerization of monomers such as styrene, butadiene, acrylates and neoprene. Common types include styrene-butadiene latex (SBR) and acrylic latex. They allow tailored properties, offering improved heat and chemical resistance, aging stability, and compatibility with various coatings, paints and fabrics.

Latexes are used in disposable gloves, balloons, paints, coatings, paper finishes and adhesive systems. They form films by drying or coalescing and can be formulated for dipping, spraying or casting. Additives such as fillers, plasticizers and crosslinkers adjust hardness, elasticity and adhesion.

Health aspects include latex allergy, especially to natural latex proteins. Non-latex alternatives (nitrile, neoprene, vinyl) are used for sensitive individuals. Environmentally, natural latex is renewable and biodegradable under appropriate conditions, while many synthetic latices derive from petrochemicals and require careful waste management.