laserteraapia

Laserterapia, or laser therapy, is a medical treatment that uses focused laser light to interact with biological tissues in order to produce therapeutic effects. The biological response depends on the tissue and on laser parameters, and can involve photothermal heating, photochemical reactions, and photobiomodulation, where light modulates cellular activity at low intensities. Key parameters include wavelength, power, duration, and energy density, which together determine penetration depth and tissue response.

Clinically, laserterapia is employed in several areas. It is used for pain relief and to accelerate healing in musculoskeletal conditions; for wound healing and soft tissue repair; in dermatology for acne, scars, inflammatory skin disorders, and cosmetic indications; and in dentistry for mucosal healing and periodontal therapy. In ophthalmology, lasers are used for specific procedures, while other applications remain therapy-oriented. Research and guidelines vary by condition and device.

Devices range from low-power diode lasers for photobiomodulation to higher-energy CO2, Nd:YAG, or argon lasers used for surgical or coagulative purposes. In low-level laser therapy (LLLT), energy densities are modest and thermal effects are limited; protocols often involve repeated sessions. Wavelengths typically span roughly 600 to 1,100 nanometers, with varying exposure times and treatment frequencies depending on the condition.

Evidence for effectiveness is mixed and condition-dependent. Some randomized trials report modest benefits, while others show limited or no effect. Safety considerations include protecting eyes from accidental exposure and minimizing skin or mucosal heating; use by trained clinicians and adherence to regulatory and safety standards are essential. Laserterapia should complement, not replace, standard therapies.