lacrimação

Lacrimação, also known as tearing or epiphora, refers to the excessive production or inadequate drainage of tears from the eyes. Tears are essential for ocular health, lubricating the eye's surface, washing away debris, and providing nutrients to the cornea. However, when this delicate balance is disrupted, excessive tearing can occur.

There are two primary reasons for lacrimação: overproduction of tears or blockage of the tear drainage system. Overproduction can be triggered by various irritants to the eye, such as dust, smoke, or bright light. It can also be a reflex response to emotional states like sadness or joy. Certain eye conditions, including conjunctivitis (pink eye), keratitis, or dry eye syndrome (paradoxically, as the eye tries to compensate for dryness), can also lead to increased tear production.

Alternatively, lacrimação can result from a problem with the nasolacrimal drainage system. This system, composed of small ducts in the eyelids, collects tears and channels them into the nasal cavity. Blockages can occur due to inflammation, infection, injury, or congenital abnormalities, preventing tears from draining properly and causing them to overflow onto the face. Diagnosis typically involves an ophthalmological examination to identify the underlying cause, which may range from simple irritants to more complex medical conditions. Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific cause and can include artificial tears, topical medications, or surgical interventions to clear drainage pathways.