lH2O2

lH2O2 denotes the liquid phase of hydrogen peroxide, the chemical compound with formula H2O2. Pure hydrogen peroxide is a colorless, slightly viscous liquid that is a powerful oxidizer and decomposes readily to water and molecular oxygen. In practice, lH2O2 is encountered as aqueous solutions with a broad range of concentrations. Household products are typically around 3–5% H2O2, while laboratory and industrial grades can range from single-digit percentages to about 30–35% for cleaning and disinfection, and higher concentrations (often 70–90%) are used in specialized applications such as rocket propulsion or chemical synthesis.

Physical properties vary with concentration. Hydrogen peroxide is miscible with water, and its stability decreases with increasing concentration and with heat, light, or trace metal contaminants. Decomposition is exothermic and can be catalyzed by transition metals, organic materials, or impurities, producing water and oxygen gas: 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2. Because of this reactivity, concentrated solutions are stored in light-blocking containers and kept cool, away from organics and catalysts.

Common uses of lH2O2 include disinfection and sterilization, bleaching of textiles and paper, and as an oxidizing agent in various chemical syntheses. In higher concentrations, it serves as a propellant oxidizer in rocketry and as a reagent in industrial processes. Safety considerations are important: contact can cause skin and eye irritation or burns, and decomposition can generate pressure buildup in sealed containers. Environmentally, hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen, typically posing minimal long-term residue, though spills require appropriate containment and ventilation.