lögum

Lögum is the Icelandic term for laws or statutes. In Icelandic law, lag or lög governs a broad range of normative rules enacted by the Alþingi (parliament) and binding on individuals and public authorities. They form the primary source of law alongside the constitution and judicial decisions.

Lögum arise from a formal legislative process: bills are introduced in the Alþingi, debated in committees and plenary sessions, and require passage by a majority. In most cases, the president signs the enacted law before it enters into force; some laws specify a different effective date. After enactment, lög are published in the official gazette and come into effect as provided.

Lögum are hierarchical within the legal system: the constitution is supreme, and any law must conform to it. If a statute conflicts with constitutional provisions, it may be challenged in court, and courts interpret and apply the law to cases. Administrative regulations and ministerial decrees implement and detail the application of lög, but cannot override statutes.

Lögum cover many areas, including civil and criminal matters, family law, taxation, business regulation, and public administration. They set rights and duties, define procedures for courts and government agencies, and establish penalties or remedies for violations.

Overall, lög are a central instrument for governing Icelandic society, reflecting the state’s structure and the rights and obligations of its citizens. The legal system also relies on case law and administrative practice to interpret and apply the statutes.

See also: Constitution of Iceland, Alþingi, administrative law, civil law, criminal law.