kõõlmevedelik

Kõõlmevedelik, also known as synovial fluid, is a viscous lubricating fluid found within the articular capsule of synovial joints. It is secreted by the synovial membrane, a specialized connective tissue lining the joint capsule. This fluid plays a crucial role in the smooth and effortless movement of bones at the joint.

The primary functions of kõõlmevedelik include reducing friction between the articular cartilages that cover the ends of bones, acting as a shock absorber to protect the joint from impact, and providing nutrients to the avascular articular cartilage. It also contains phagocytic cells that help to remove debris and potential pathogens from the joint space.

Kõõlmevedelik is typically clear or pale yellow and has a consistency similar to egg white. Its composition is primarily water, with dissolved proteins, lipids, and hyaluronic acid. The viscosity is largely due to the presence of hyaluronic acid, which also contributes to its lubricating properties. The fluid is constantly being produced and reabsorbed, maintaining a stable volume within the joint.

Any changes in the quantity or quality of kõõlmevedelik can indicate underlying joint problems. For example, an increase in fluid may suggest inflammation (effusion), while a decrease could impair joint function. Analysis of synovial fluid through joint aspiration is a diagnostic tool used to identify various conditions such as arthritis, infection, and crystal-induced arthropathies.