kõrvalkoobaste

Kõrvalkoobaste is a term used in Estonian anatomy to refer to the paranasal sinuses. These are air-filled cavities located within the bones of the skull that surround the nasal cavity. There are four main sets of paranasal sinuses: the frontal sinuses, located in the forehead; the ethmoid sinuses, located between the eyes; the maxillary sinuses, located in the cheekbones; and the sphenoid sinuses, located deep within the skull.

The primary functions of the paranasal sinuses are not fully understood but are believed to include reducing the weight of the skull, contributing to voice resonance, and acting as a buffer against facial trauma. They also help to warm and humidify inhaled air. The lining of the sinuses produces mucus, which drains into the nasal cavity, helping to trap and remove debris and pathogens.

Inflammation or infection of the paranasal sinuses is known as sinusitis, commonly referred to in Estonian as kõrvalkoobaste põletik. This condition can cause symptoms such as facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, and reduced sense of smell. Sinusitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi, and can be acute or chronic. Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the infection and may include nasal sprays, antibiotics, or in some cases, surgery.