käännettyihin

Käännettyihin is a Finnish grammatical form. It is the plural illative form of the past passive participle käännetty, which comes from the verb kääntää (to translate). In Finnish grammar, participles can function as adjectives and agree with the nouns they modify in number and case. The plural illative ending is -ihin, so adding this suffix to the stem käännetty- yields käännettyihin. This form is used with a noun in illative plural, for example käännettyihin teksteihin, meaning into translated texts or to translated texts.

Usage and function: Käännettyihin describes things that have been translated and are positioned toward or into something in illative. It typically appears in phrases where the head noun is in illative plural, such as käännettyihin teksteihin viittaavat tutkimukset (studies referring to translated texts) or similar constructions in translation studies, publishing, or linguistic analysis.

Morphology and related forms: The base form käännetty is the past passive participle. Other related forms include singular illative käännettyyn, as well as genitive plural käännettyjen and other case forms, demonstrating how Finnish participles decline like adjectives. The form käännettyihin itself cannot stand alone and must modify a noun in illative plural.

Context: Käännettyihin illustrates how Finnish uses participial adjectives to describe noun phrases and how case systems interact with number. It is a typical example in discussions of Finnish grammar, particularly of participles functioning as adjectives and of illative plural agreement.