käändelõpudega

Käändelõpudega is an Estonian grammatical term referring to noun endings that change based on grammatical case. Estonian is an agglutinative language, meaning suffixes are added to word stems to convey grammatical information. These suffixes, or "käändelõpud," indicate the noun's function within a sentence, such as its role as the subject, object, possessor, or location.

There are fourteen grammatical cases in Estonian, each with its own set of endings that attach to the noun stem. For example, the nominative case, which typically marks the subject, often has no ending or a specific nominative ending. The genitive case, indicating possession, will have a distinct ending. Similarly, cases like the partitive, illative, inessive, elative, allative, adessive, ablative, translative, terminative, essive, and abessive have their own characteristic suffixes.

Understanding and correctly applying these käändelõpudega is crucial for constructing grammatically correct Estonian sentences. The declension of nouns, or the process of changing their endings according to case, is a fundamental aspect of Estonian grammar. The specific endings can vary slightly depending on the noun's declension class, which is determined by its stem and genitive singular form. Mastering these noun endings allows for nuanced expression of relationships between words and concepts in the Estonian language.