kurzen

Kurzen is the inflected form of the German adjective kurz, meaning short, used in attributive position after a definite article or other determiner. In German, adjectives are declined to reflect gender, number, and case, and kurz takes different endings depending on the surrounding words. The form kurz en appears in several common combinations, particularly after definite determiners.

In usage, kurzer forms are seen in the following patterns (examples with the determiner in parentheses):

- Den kurzen Mann (masculine singular, accusative): I see the short man.

- Dem kurzen Mann (masculine singular, dative): I give the book to the short man.

- Der kurzen Frau (feminine singular, dative): I help the short woman.

- Dem kurzen Buch (neuter singular, dative): I return the short book.

- Die kurzen Bücher (plural, nominative or accusative): The short books.

- Den kurzen Büchern (plural, dative): to the short books.

- Der kurzen Bücher (plural, genitive): of the short books.

These forms illustrate the weak declension pattern that adjectives take after definite articles and other determiners. The ending -en on kur- is common in masculine accusative, feminine dative, neuter dative, and all plural cases under this pattern; the nominative masculine, feminine, and neuter singular typically use -e instead (for example, der kurze Mann, die kurze Frau, das kurze Buch). Predicative use of kurz, as in a sentence with a linking verb, normally does not take the -en ending (Der Mann ist kurz).

Overall, kurz en represents one of the standard inflected endings for the German adjective kurz in attributive position, reflecting the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies.

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