kummitoote

Kummitoote is a traditional Finnish folk instrument that belongs to the family of bowed zithers. Its name derives from the Finnish words *kumi*, meaning "bow," and *toote*, which refers to the plucked or strummed sound produced by the instrument. The kummitoote is primarily associated with the region of Karelia, particularly among the Karelian people, and has been used for centuries in both musical and ritual contexts.

The instrument typically consists of a wooden body, often made from pine or birch, with a long neck that extends horizontally. The neck is fitted with several metal strings, usually tuned to a diatonic scale, which are plucked or strummed while being bowed simultaneously. The bow, made from horsehair or other natural fibers, is drawn across the strings to produce a resonant, sustained tone that blends with the plucked notes. This combination of plucking and bowing creates a unique, melodic sound that is both haunting and expressive.

Kummitoote was traditionally played during folk gatherings, festivals, and religious ceremonies, serving as both a musical accompaniment and a means of storytelling. Its use declined in the 20th century as Western instruments became more prevalent, but efforts to preserve Finnish folk music have revived interest in the kummitoote. Today, it is occasionally featured in contemporary folk revivals and cultural performances, though it remains a niche instrument.

The construction and playing techniques of the kummitoote vary slightly depending on regional traditions, but its core design and function remain consistent. While not as widely known outside Finland as other folk instruments, the kummitoote holds historical and cultural significance as a testament to Karelian musical heritage.