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Corticosteroids, commonly known as corticoids, are a class of steroid hormones that are produced naturally by the adrenal glands. They play a crucial role in the body's response to stress and are involved in various physiological processes, including metabolism, immune function, and inflammation regulation. Corticosteroids are also used as medications to treat a wide range of conditions, such as asthma, arthritis, and allergic reactions.

The most common synthetic corticosteroids include prednisone, hydrocortisone, and dexamethasone. These medications are often prescribed in the form of tablets, creams, or injections. Corticosteroids work by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system, which can help alleviate symptoms of various diseases.

However, long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to several side effects, including weight gain, increased blood pressure, and suppression of the adrenal glands. Therefore, their use is typically limited to short-term treatment and monitored closely by healthcare providers.

Corticosteroids are also used in veterinary medicine to treat various conditions in animals, such as allergies, skin diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease. In agriculture, corticosteroids are used as growth promoters in livestock, although their use is controversial due to potential health risks and ethical considerations.