korskänslighet

Korskänslighet, often translated as cross-sensitivity or cross-reactivity, refers to a phenomenon where an individual who is allergic to one substance experiences an allergic reaction to another substance that has a similar molecular structure. This occurs because the immune system mistakenly identifies the similar molecules in the second substance as the allergen it was originally sensitized to. For example, someone with a birch pollen allergy might develop symptoms when eating apples or almonds, as these foods contain proteins that are structurally similar to those found in birch pollen.

The severity of korskänslighet can vary greatly. Some individuals may experience mild oral allergy syndrome, characterized by itching or tingling in the mouth and throat, while others might have more severe systemic reactions. Identifying korskänslighet is important for managing allergies effectively. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, allergy testing, and sometimes specific oral food challenges. Management strategies often include avoiding the cross-reactive foods or substances, although cooking or processing certain foods can sometimes break down the allergenic proteins and reduce the risk of a reaction. Understanding korskänslighet helps individuals and healthcare providers to anticipate and prevent adverse reactions, improving the quality of life for those with allergies.