klórozási

Klórozási refers to the process of treating water with chlorine or chlorine compounds. This is a common method used worldwide for water disinfection, aiming to kill harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa that can cause waterborne diseases. The chlorine acts as a strong oxidizing agent, disrupting the cellular functions of these pathogens, rendering them unable to reproduce or cause illness.

The practice of adding chlorine to public water supplies began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, significantly reducing the incidence of diseases like cholera and typhoid fever. Different forms of chlorine are used, including chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite (liquid bleach), and calcium hypochlorite (solid tablets or granules). The choice of chlorine compound often depends on factors such as the scale of the operation, cost, and ease of handling.

While effective, chlorination can sometimes lead to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) when chlorine reacts with organic matter present in the water. Some DBPs have been a subject of health concerns, prompting ongoing research and the development of alternative or complementary disinfection methods. However, for most public water systems, the benefits of chlorine disinfection in preventing immediate public health risks are considered to outweigh the potential risks associated with DBPs. The concentration of chlorine used is carefully monitored and regulated to ensure adequate disinfection while minimizing DBP formation.