kleurtests

Kleurtests, or color tests, are standardized assessments that evaluate how a person perceives, differentiates, or matches colors. They are used in ophthalmology to detect color vision deficiencies, in psychology and vision science to study color perception, and in industry to assure color accuracy in products and processes. Tests may be screening in nature or provide diagnostic detail, and they typically rely on standardized illumination and reference color spaces.

Clinical color vision tests include pseudoisochromatic plates such as the Ishihara test for red–green deficiencies, and HRR (Hardy–Rand–Rittler) plates that detect a broader range of deficiencies. For more granular discrimination ability, researchers use color-difference tests such as the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Test, which requires ordering colored caps by hue. Anomaloscope-based tests quantify color matching to assess spectral sensitivity and diagnose distinctions between normal trichromacy and anomalous color vision.

In color science, color tests relate to thresholds and discrimination performance within established color appearance models, and they are often linked to the tri-stimulus theory of Young and Helmholtz. In practice, kleurtests support screening for color vision problems in children and adults, inform occupational selection for color-critical tasks (such as electrical work or aviation lighting), and underpin quality control in printing, textiles, and digital imaging to ensure color consistency across devices and batches.

Limitations include dependence on adequate lighting and observer adaptation, potential cultural or linguistic factors in color naming, and variability between individuals. Proper administration and device calibration are essential to ensure reliable results.