kite

A kite is a light, tethered airfoil or fabric structure that flies in the wind, anchored to the ground by a line. A kite typically consists of a sail or canopy stretched over a frame or flexible form, a bridle that connects the sail to the line, and a control line or set of lines that the flyer holds or reels in to adjust its angle to the wind. When lifted by the wind, the kite balances lift, weight, drag, and tether tension, creating stable flight within a characteristic wind window.

Historical origins are disputed, but kites were developed in ancient China where they were used for signaling, measurement, and military applications. From China they spread to Korea, Japan, and South Asia, and then to the Middle East and Europe. By the 18th and 19th centuries, kites had become widespread for recreation and scientific study. In the early 1900s, kite experiments informed early aviation, including work by the Wright brothers.

Designs vary. Diamond kites, triangular deltas, rectangular box kites, and modern parafoils are common. Materials range from traditional bamboo frames with paper to fabric sails using ripstop nylon or polyester, supported by light spars of wood, fiberglass, or carbon fiber. Modern kites use a bridle system to adjust lift and a keel or tail for stability; many sport kites employ multiple lines for steering.

Uses include recreation, sport, and education. Competitive events cover precision flying, aerial maneuvers, and long-distance towing; kiteboarding, landboarding, and power kiting use large, maneuverable kites for propulsion. Safety considerations include avoiding power lines, storms, and crowded areas, inspecting equipment, and complying with local regulations.